In PHP, the individual elements in an array can be accessed using the array variable's name, and the location index surrounded by square brackets [] . Remember that in PHP the location index starts at zero.

Accessing Elements in an Array by Index To access an element in an array, you can use square brackets ( [] ) with the index of the element you want to access. The index starts at 0 for the first element in the array and increments by 1 for each subsequent element.

In PHP, indexed arrays are created using square brackets "[]" to define the array, followed by a comma-separated list of values enclosed in the brackets. The first element in the array is assigned an index of 0, the second element an index of 1, and so on.

Using the 'splat' operator tells PHP to unpack the input array into variables. In our case, these variables are arrays, because the staring point was an array of arrays - so we're passing multiple arrays into array_merge() for processing. Because each variable is a singular array, they're no longer numerically indexed.